Petroleum kana crude imhando yezvakaomesesa zvakasikwa organic matter, iyo huru kuumbwa icarbon (C) nehydrogen (H), kabhoni yemukati inowanzo 80% -88%, hydrogen i10% -14%, uye ine shoma shoma okisijeni (O), sarufa (S), nitrogen (N) nezvimwe zvinhu. Mishonga inoumbwa nezvinhu izvi inonzi mahydrocarbon. Iyo fossil mafuta inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira peturu, dhiziri, uye mamwe mafuta, mafuta ekuzora, nezvimwe.
Crude chinhu chakakosha zvakanyanya paPasi, chinoshanda sehwaro hwemaindasitiri mazhinji uye zvekufambisa. Uyezve, kuumbwa kwayo kwakabatana zvakanyanya nemamiriro ekugadzira petroleum zviwanikwa. Kuumbwa kwe petroleum zviwanikwa kunonyanya kuenderana nekuiswa kwe organic matter uye geological structure. Organic nyaya inonyanya kubva kune zvakasara zvezvipenyu zvekare uye zvisaririra zvezvirimwa, izvo zvishoma nezvishoma zvinoshandurwa kuita hydrocarbon zvinhu pasi pe geological process uye pakupedzisira kugadzira petroleum. Iyo geological chimiro inoumba imwe yeakakosha mamiriro ekuumbwa kwe petroleum zviwanikwa, zvinosanganisira paleogeographic nharaunda, sedimentary basin, uye tectonic kufamba.
Mamiriro ekugadzirwa kwemafuta epetroleum anonyanya kubatanidza kuunganidzwa kwakapfuma kwezvinhu zvakasikwa uye yakakodzera geological chimiro. Chekutanga, kuwanda kwakawanda kwezvinhu zveorganic kunoshanda sehwaro hwekuumbwa kwemafuta epetroleum. Pasi pemamiriro akakodzera ezvakatipoteredza, huwandu hwakati wandei hwezvinhu zvakasikwa zvinoshandurwa zvishoma nezvishoma kuita hydrocarbon zvinhu kuburikidza nekuita kwe geological, nekudaro kugadzira petroleum. Chechipiri, iyo yakakodzera geological chimiro zvakare imwe yeakakosha mamiriro ekuumbwa kwe petroleum zviwanikwa. Semuyenzaniso, tectonic movement inokonzera deformation uye kutyoka kwestrata, ichigadzira mamiriro ekuunganidza oiri nekuchengetedza.
Mushoko, oiri isimba rakakosha rekushandisa iro rinonyanya kukosha pakusimudzira nzanga yemazuva ano nehupfumi. Zvakangodaro, isu tinofanirwawo kubvuma kukanganisa kwekushandiswa kweoiri pane zvakatipoteredza uye mamiriro ekunze, uye tishande kuvandudza matekinoroji emagetsi epamberi, senge hydrocyclonic deoiling / desanding, floatation, ultrasonic, nezvimwe kuti uwane budiriro inoenderera.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-23-2024